Food Additives

Riboflavin

May contain milk

Quinoline Yellow

Common use Colours

May involve the use of gelatine as a carrier.

Cochineal Carminic acid Carmines Natural Red 4

Never Vegan

Common use Colours

Carbon Black

Common use Colours

Likely derived from various parts of animals unless otherwise described as Vegetable Carbons.

Canthaxanthin Natural Orange Colour Xanthophylls

Common use Colours

Usually derived from plant material, but it can sometimes be made from fish and invertebrates with hard shells.

Calcium Carbonate

May be derived from the shells of marine organisms, snails, and eggs.

Potassium Nitrate Saltpetre

Common use Preservative

Saltpetre is usually assumed to be of natural origins but it can be artificially manufactured from waste animal matter.

Lactic Acid

Common use Antioxidant

Can be obtained from whey (from milk).

Lecithins

Common use Emulsifier Stabilizer

Some Lecithin contains egg yolks. Other sources of Lecithin are soy (vegan). Lecithin can also be directly obtained from animal fat. Check with manufacturer.

Sodium Lactate

Common use Antioxidant

A type of salt derived from Lactic Acid.

See also 270

Potassium Lactate

Common use Antioxidant Acidity Regulator

A type of salt derived from Lactic Acid.

See also 270

Calcium Lactate

Common use Antioxidant

A type of salt derived from Lactic Acid.

See also 270

Ammonium Lactate

A type of salt derived from Lactic Acid.

See also 270

Magnesium Lactate

A type of salt derived from Lactic Acid.

See also 270

Xanthan gum

Common use Thickener Stabiliser

A derivative of bacterial fermentation. Chicken lysozyme and whey may be used in the manufacturing process.

Glycerol Humectant Solvent Sweet Glycerin

Common use Sweetener

Mostly from animal fats, unless otherwise stated.

Polyoxyethylene (8) stearate

Common use Emulsifier Stabiliser

Polyoxyethylene (40) stearate

Common use Emulsifier

Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monolaurate

Common use Emulsifier Polysorbate 20 Emulsifier

Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monooleate

Common use Emulsifier Polysorbate 80 Emulsifier

Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monopalmitate

Common use Emulsifier Polysorbate 40 Emulsifier

Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan monostearate

Common use Emulsifier Polysorbate 60 Emulsifier

Polyoxyethylene (20) sorbitan tristearate

Common use Emulsifier Polysorbate 65 Emulsifier

Not likely of animal origin as these additivies are normally derived from various types of fruit. But it's worth checking with manufacturers the exact origins of the ingredients.

Gelatine

Never Vegan

Common use Emulsifier Gelling Agent Thickener

Gelatine is derived from animal skin and hoofs. It can be found in many kinds of confectionery, jellies and other sweets.

Ammonium phosphatides

Common use Emulsifier

Can sometimes be made using Glycerol.

See also 422

Sodium caseinate

Never Vegan

Common use Emulsifier Stabiliser

Derived from milk

Sodium of fatty acids Potassium of fatty acids Calcium Salts of fatty acids

Common use Emulsifier Anti-caking agent

Derived from fatty acids, may originate from animal sources.

Magnesium Stearate

Common use Emulsifier Anti-caking agent

Derived from fatty acids, may originate from animal sources.

Mono- and Diglycerides of fatty acids glyceryl monostearate glyceryl distearate

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Acetic acid esters Lactic acid esters Citric acid esters Tartaric acid esters Mono- and diacetyl tartaric acid esters Mixed acetic and tartaric acid esters

Common use Emulsifier

Emulsifiers related to the mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids family. Because the 472 family is derived from Glycerine (Glycerol 422), they may contain animal fats.

See also 422

Sucrose esters of fatty acids

Common use Emulsifier

May be derived from animals.

Sucroglyceride

Common use Emulsifier

May be derived from animals.

Polyglycerol esters of fatty acids

Common use Emulsifier

May be derived from animals.

Polyglycerol Polyricinoleate

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Propane-1 2-diol esters of fatty acids propylene glycol esters of fatty acids

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Lactylated fatty acid esters of glycerol and propane-1

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Thermally oxidized soya bean oil interacted with mono- and diglycerides of fatty acids

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Sodium Stearoyl-2-lactylate

Common use Emulsifier

Can be obtained from whey and may contain animal fats.

Calcium Stearoyl-2-lactylate

Common use Emulsifier

Can be obtained from whey and may contain animal fats.

Stearyl tartrate

Common use Emulsifier

May contain animal fats.

Stearyl citrate

Produced by the esterification of citric acid with stearyl alcohol. The stearyl acid can be either plant or animal fat, though usually it is derived from vegetable oil.

Sorbitan monostearate Sorbitan Tristearate Sorbitan Monolaurate Sorbitan Monooleate Sorbitan Monopalmitate

Common use Emulsifier Stabiliser

From stearic acid and is used in dried yeast. Stearic acid is found in both vegetable and animal fats, but commercial production is usually synthetic. Check with manufacturer.

See also 570

Bone phosphate

Never Vegan

Common use Anti-caking agent

Stearic Acid Fatty Acid

Common use Anti-caking agent

Stearic acid is found in vegetable and animal fats, but commercial production is usually synthetic. Often used in dried yeast.

Magnesium stearate Calcium stearate

Common use Emulsifier Anti-caking agent

See also 570

Ferrous lactate

Common use Colours

May be derived from animal source such as whey.

See also 270

Disodium guanylate Disodium 5-guanylate Disodium 5'-guanylate

Common use Flavour enhancer

Almost always made from fish.

Inosinic acid

Common use Flavour enhancer

Almost always made from animals and fish.

Disodium inosinate Disodium 5-inosinate Disodium 5'-inosinate

Common use Flavour enhancer

Almost always made from animals and fish.

Disodium 5-ribonucleotides Disodium 5'-ribonucleotides

Common use Flavour enhancer

Often made from animals.

Glycine Glycine sodium salt

Common use Flavour enhancer

Can sometimes be prepared from gelatine, but can be made synthetically.

Beeswax Beeswax white and yellow

Never Vegan

Common use Glazing agent

A product derived from the work of bees.

Shellac

Never Vegan

Common use Glazing agent

From a resin secreted by an insect called the lac beetle. Many beetles are killed when the resin is collected.

L-cysteine L-cysteine hydrochloride L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate

Never Vegan

Common use Improving agent

Produced commercially from animal and human hair (and feathers). L-cysteine is used as an additive in around 5% of bread and other bakery products. It is not used in wholemeal bread or other wholemeal bakery products.

Lanolin

Never Vegan

Common use Wax

Wax from sheep excreted by the skin of sheep and extracted from their wool.

L-cysteine L-cysteine hydrochloride L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate

Common use Improving agent

May sometimes be synthetically produced - check with product supplier.

See also 910

L-cysteine L-cysteine hydrochloride L-cysteine hydrochloride monohydrate

Never Vegan

Common use Improving agent

See also 910

Lactitol

Never Vegan

Common use Sweetener

Derived from Lactose, commercially prepared using whey.

Cholic acid

Never Vegan

A bile acid found in humans and animals. It is usually conjugated with glycine or taurine. Most commonly extracted from cows or ox.

Lysozyme

Never Vegan

Common use Enzyme

From eggs.

Glycerol Mono-, Di- and Tri-Acetate or Tracetin

Never Vegan